European Communities Act 1972 = - -The European Union Treaty and laws are made under this piece of legislation -When was the EU founded and how many member states are there? - -It was founded in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris and then by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. There are 28 member states. -The ...
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European Communities Act 1972 = - -The European Union Treaty and laws are made under this piece of legislation -When was the EU founded and how many member states are there? - -It was founded in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris and then by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. There are 28 member states. -T...
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Add to cartEuropean Communities Act 1972 = - -The European Union Treaty and laws are made under this piece of legislation -When was the EU founded and how many member states are there? - -It was founded in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris and then by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. There are 28 member states. -T...
Now: What is the legal effect?? - -§71 = DRD is INVALID Legal Basis Art. 267(1) TFEU When there is a violation (see arguments above) it is invalid If it would be ounly an annulment action (not violation) they would have to have a standing (Art. 267(1) TFEU Domestic act: If it is a domest...
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Add to cartNow: What is the legal effect?? - -§71 = DRD is INVALID Legal Basis Art. 267(1) TFEU When there is a violation (see arguments above) it is invalid If it would be ounly an annulment action (not violation) they would have to have a standing (Art. 267(1) TFEU Domestic act: If it is a domest...
Direct effect: primary law - -Van Gend Test: clear, precise, unconditional --Direct effect: secondary law - -Regulations (Leonesio, Munõz) Decisions (Grad) Directives (Van Duyn, Marshall, Von Colson & Kamann) --Vertical Direct effect - -Against the State and other public sector organs ...
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Add to cartDirect effect: primary law - -Van Gend Test: clear, precise, unconditional --Direct effect: secondary law - -Regulations (Leonesio, Munõz) Decisions (Grad) Directives (Van Duyn, Marshall, Von Colson & Kamann) --Vertical Direct effect - -Against the State and other public sector organs ...
Costa v Enel 1964 - -Early on in the development of EU law, the ECJ clearly states the principle of supremacy in Costa. Emphasised the aims of the EU as a "far-reaching international treaty" Any norm of EU law takes precedence over any provision of national law, including national constitutions. T...
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Add to cartCosta v Enel 1964 - -Early on in the development of EU law, the ECJ clearly states the principle of supremacy in Costa. Emphasised the aims of the EU as a "far-reaching international treaty" Any norm of EU law takes precedence over any provision of national law, including national constitutions. T...
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